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january 2000 toko, inc. page 1 tk14588 features input frequency (~22 mhz) low voltage operation (2.3 to 5.5 v) battery save function wide band demodulator (~1 mhz) high speed data comparator (~2 mbps) very small package (tssop-16) tk14588v applications communications equipment wireless lan keyless entry systems ordering information tape/reel code tl: tape left tape/reel code tk14588v gnd if input decouple nc power save rssi if output det input det output amp output decouple v cc comp output comp gnd comp input comp input fm if ic description the tk14588v is a standard function general purpose if ic capable of operating up to 22 mhz. the tk14588v contains a high-speed data comparator for base band processing. the tk14588v has a unique function that allows establishing the demodulation characteristics by changing the external rc time constant, and not changing the phase shifter constant. the rssi output is individually trimmed, resulting in excellent accuracy, good linearity, and stable temperature characteristics. the tk14588v was developed for high-speed data communication, dect, wireless lan, keyless entry systems, etc. the tk14588v is available in the very small tssop-16 surface mount package. gnd rssi if output det input det output amp output if input decouple decouple nc power save v cc + - gnd amp + - comp comp output comp gnd comp input comp input v cc block diagram
page 2 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 l o b m y sr e t e m a r a ps n o i t i d n o c t s e tn i mp y tx a ms t i n u i c c t n e r r u c y l p p u s t u p n i o n5 . 30 . 5a m t u p n i o n , n o = e v a s r e w o p2 . 00 . 5a f i v t u o e g a t l o v t u p t u ot u p n i m b d 0 3 -0 2 10 0 20 6 3s m r v m d h tn o i t r o t s i d c i n o m r a h l a t o tt u p n i m b d 0 3 -5 . 00 . 2% n / so i t a r e s i o n o t l a n g i st u p n i m b d 0 3 -0 60 7b d d a n i sd a n i s b d 2 1 9 8 -3 8 -m b d r ) n i ( f i e c n a t s i s e r t u p n i r e t i m i l 4 . 18 . 12 . 2k ? gn i a g9 65 7b d i s s r v i s s r e g a t l o v t u p t u o i s s r t u p n i o n0 0 . 00 2 . 00 3 . 0v t u p n i d e t a l u d o m - n o n m b d 0 6 -0 4 . 05 5 . 00 7 . 0v t u p n i d e t a l u d o m - n o n m b d 0 3 -5 0 . 10 2 . 10 4 . 1v t u p n i d e t a l u d o m - n o n m b d 00 5 . 10 7 . 15 9 . 1v r o t a r a p m o c d r o i t a r y t u d5 40 55 5% i t u o t n e r r u c t u p t u o 1a m absolute maximum ratings storage temperature range ................... -55 to +150 c operating temperature range ...................-30 to +85 c operating frequency range (if) ................. 6 to 22 mhz operating frequecy range (demodulation) ..... to 1 mhz tk14588v electrical characteristics test conditions: v cc = 3 v, f in = 10.7 mhz, fm = 1 khz, modulation = 50 khz, t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. note 1: power dissipation is 160 mw when mounted as recommended. derate at 1.28 mw/ c for operation above 25 c. supply voltage ........................................................... 6 v operating voltage range .............................. 2.3 to 5.5 v power dissipation (note 1) ................................ 160 mw
january 2000 toko, inc. page 3 tk14588 test circuit v cc 1 pf 3.3 k ? 0.01 f 12 k ? 836bh-0268 (toko) 51 k ? 1000 pf det output 0.01 f 0.01 f p.s. v cc + 4.7 f 0.01 f 0.01 f ~ if-input 50 ? 3 k ? comp v cc comp out rssi out 0.01 f 10 k ? 10 k ? comp input + - gnd amp + - comp v cc typical performance characteristics t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. s+n,n, am out (dbv) -60 s+n, n, am out, total harmonic distortion vs. input voltage v in (dbm) -100 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 -20 thd ( % ) -80 -40 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 s+n n thd am out (30% mod.) v rssi (v) 0.8 rssi output voltage vs. input voltage v in (dbm) 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 1.6 0.4 1.2 2.0 v cc 5.5 v 3.0 v 2.3 v
page 4 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 typical performance characteristics t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. v out (mvrms) -30 -10 f in (mhz) -60 10.3 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.1 thd ( % ) -50 -20 0 12 thd 4 16 20 v out detune characteristics -40 8 v out(dc) (v) 2 3 f in (mhz) 0 10.3 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.1 s curve 1 v out (dbv) 180 supply current, output voltage, total harmonic distortion vs. supply voltage v cc (v) 100 2 3 4 5 6 260 thd (db), i cc (ma) 140 220 300 0 1 2 3 4 5 i cc v out thd s/n (db) 50 signal to noise ratio, -3 db limiting sensitivity, 12 db sinad vs. supply voltage v cc (v) 30 2 3 4 5 6 70 -3 db limiting sensitivity, 12 db sinad ( dbm ) 40 60 80 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 s/n -3 db limiting sensitivity 12 db sinad v out (mvrms) 180 supply voltage, output voltage, total harmonic distortion vs. temperature t a ( c) 100 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 260 thd (%), i cc (ma) 140 220 300 0 1 2 3 4 5 i cc thd v out s/n (db) 50 signal to noise ratio, -3 db limiting sensitivity, 12 db sinad vs. temperature t a ( c) 30 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 -3 db limiting sensitivity, 12 db sinad ( dbm ) 40 60 80 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 s/n 12 db sinad -3 db limiting sensitivity
january 2000 toko, inc. page 5 tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. gain (db) 40 limiter gain vs. input frequency f in (mhz) 0 1 3 5 10 30 50 80 20 60 100 v rssi (v) 1.4 rssi output voltage vs. temperature t a ( c) 1.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 1.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 v in = 0 dbm v in = -15 dbm v in = -30 dbm v rssi (v) 0.4 rssi output voltage vs. temperature t a ( c) 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.8 0.2 0.6 1.0 v in = -45 dbm v in = -60 dbm v in = -75 dbm v in = -90 dbm v rssi (v) 0.8 rssi output voltage vs. input voltage v in (dbm) 0.0 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 1.6 0.4 1.2 2.0 temp (deg) -30 0 25 50 70 85 50 ns/div 50 ns/div data comparator output voltage transient response (rise) (fall) out (1v/div) out (1v/div) in (10 mv/div) in (10 mv/div)
page 6 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. v out(dc) (v) 2 3 f in (mhz) 0 9.9 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.5 s curve 1 rd = 1.0 k rd = 2.0 k rd = 3.3 k v cc 1 pf rd 836bh-0268 (toko) 51 k ? c det output v out (db) -4 2 output voltage vs. modulating frequency modulating frequency fm ( khz ) -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 -6 0 -10 -2 -8 rd = 3.3 k ? c = c = 10 pf c = 330 pf c = 1000 pf c = 47 pf 0 db = 208 mvrms v out (db) -4 2 output voltage vs. modulating frequency modulating frequency fm ( khz ) -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 -6 0 -10 -2 -8 rd = 2.0 k ? c = c = 10 pf c = 330 pf c = 1000 pf c = 47 pf 0 db = 107 mvrms v out (db) -4 2 output voltage vs. modulating frequency modulating frequency fm ( khz ) -12 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 -6 0 -10 -2 -8 rd = 1.0 k ? c = c = 10 pf c = 330 pf c = 1000 pf c = 47 pf 0 db = 35.2 mvrms
january 2000 toko, inc. page 7 tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. rssi output voltage transient response (if input on/off) c = 0.01 f rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) sg c = 0.001 f c = 0.0001 f if input voltage = -10, -40, -70 dbm rssi output 12 k c gate pulse (1v/div) 0.1 ms/div 0.1 ms/div 20 s/div 20 s/div 20 s/div 20 s/div rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) sg gate pulse (1v/div) rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) sg gate pulse (1v/div)
page 8 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. rssi output voltage transient response (power save on/off) if input voltage = -10, -40, -70 dbm rssi output 12 k c c = 0.01 f rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) c = 0.001 f c = 0.0001 f power save (1v/div) 0.2 ms/div 0.2 ms/div 20 s/div 20 s/div 20 s/div 20 s/div rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) power save (1v/div) rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) power save (1v/div)
january 2000 toko, inc. page 9 tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. rssi output voltage transient response (supply voltage on) if input voltage = -10, -40, -70 dbm rssi output 12 k c 0.5 ms/div rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) v cc (1v/div) c = 0.01 f c = 0.001 f c = 0.0001 f 0.5 ms/div 0.5 ms/div rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) v cc (1v/div) rssi output -10 dbm in -40 dbm in -70 dbm in (0.5v/div) v cc (1v/div)
page 10 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 typical performance characteristics (cont.) t a = 25 c, unless otherwise specified. detector output voltage transient response (power save on/off,supply voltage on) if input voltage = -40 dbm, no input det output -40 dbm in, no input (0.5v/div) power save (1v/div) power save on/off supply voltage on 2 ms/div 2 ms/div det output -40 dbm in, no input (0.5v/div) v cc (1v/div) 2 ms/div
january 2000 toko, inc. page 11 tk14588 pin function description l a n i m r e t t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q e l a n r e t n in o i t p i r c s e d n i p . o n l o b m y se g a t l o v 1 2 3 t u p n i f i e l p u o c e d e l p u o c e d v 9 . 1 v 9 . 1 v 9 . 1 r e i f i l p m a g n i t i m i l : 1 t u p n i r e i f i l p m a g n i t i m i l : 3 , 2 g n i l p u o c e d 4c n . n o i t c e n n o c l a n r e t n i o n t s u m n i p s i h t , r e v e w o h d n g o t d e t c e n n o c e b . n o i t c u d e r e s i o n r o f 5e v a s r e w o pv s : n o e v a s r e w o p v s v 3 . 0 < : f f o e v a s r e w o p v s v o t v 5 . 1 = c c 6v c c v 0 . 3 7 8 t u o p m o c d n g p m o cv 0 r o t a r a p m o c a t a d : 7 t u p t u o r o t a r a p m o c a t a d : 8 d n g 9 0 1 t u p n i p m o c t u p n i p m o c r o t a r a p m o c a t a d : 0 1 , 9 t u p n i 1.8 k 100 k 100 k v cc 100 k 100 k v cc v cc
page 12 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 pin function description l a n i m r e t t i u c r i c t n e l a v i u q e l a n r e t n in o i t p i r c s e d n i p . o n l o b m y se g a t l o v 1 1 2 1 t u p t u o p m a t u p t u o t e d v 2 . 1 v 2 . 1 t u p t u o r e i f i l p m a : 1 1 t u p t u o r o t c e t e d : 2 1 3 1t u p n i t e dv 0 . 3t u p n i r o t c e t e d 4 1t u p t u o f iv 9 . 1t u p t u o r e t i m i l f i 5 1i s s r t u p t u o i s s r 6 1d n gv 0 v cc 1.2 v v cc v cc 100 k v cc
january 2000 toko, inc. page 13 tk14588 gnd rssi if output det input det output amp output if input decouple decouple nc power save v cc + - gnd amp + - comp comp output comp gnd comp input comp input v cc circuit description 330 1.8 k figure 1a v cc i e 200 a if output r e 100 k ? figure 1b if limiter amplifier, rssi: the if limiter amplifier is composed of five differential gain stages. the total gain of the if limiter amplifier is 80 db. t he output signal of the if limiter amplifier is provided at pin 14 through the emitter-follower output stage. the if limiter ampl ifier output level is 0.5 v p-p . the input resistance of the if limiter amplifier is 1.8 k ? (see figure 1a). if the impedance of the filter is lower than 1.8 k ? , connect an external resistor between pin 1 and pin 2 in parallel to provide the equivalent load impedance of the filter. figure 1a shows the case that the impedance of the filter is 330 ? . the operating current of the emitter-follower of the if limiter amplifier output is 200 a. if the capacitive load is heavy, the negative half cycle of the output waveform may be distorted. this distortion can be reduced by connecting an external resistor between pin 14 to gnd to increase the operating current. the increased operating current by an external resistor is calculated as follows (see figure 1b): the increased operating current i e (ma) = (v cc - 1.0) / r e (k ? )
page 14 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 circuit description (cont.) v cc rssi- out current-to-voltage transformation resistor output current figure 2 - rssi output stage rssi-out (v) rf input - level (dbu) am can be demodulated inside of linear range figure 3a - am demodulated waveform operating condition v cc = 3 v, f in = 10.7 mhz, fm = 40 khz, mod = 80%, v in = 40 dbm 100mv/div 100 s/div the rssi output is a current output. it converts to a voltage by an external resistor between pin 15 and gnd. the time constant of the rssi output is determined by the product of the external converting resistance and parallel capacitance. when the time constant is longer, the rssi output is less likely to be influenced by a disturbance or the component of amplitude modulation, but the rssi output response is slower. determine the external resistance and capacitance by the application. the slope of the rssi curve characteristic can be modified by changing the external resistance. in this case, the maximum range of converted rssi output voltage is gnd level to about v cc - 0.2 v (the supply voltage minus the collector saturation voltage of the output transistor). in addition, the temperature characteristic of the rssi output voltage can be modified by changing the temperature characteristic of the external resistor. normally, the temperature characteristic of the rssi output voltage is very stable when using a carbon resistor or metal film resistor with a temperature characteristic is 0 to 200 ppm/ c. this product is very accurate, because the rssi characteristic is trimmed individually. am demodulation by using the rssi output: although the distortion of the rssi output is high because it is a logarithmic detection of the envelope to the if input, am can be demodulated simply by using the rssi output. in this case, the input dynamic range that can demodulate am is the inside of the linear portion of the rssi curve characteristic (see figure 3b). this method does not have a feedback loop to control the gain because an agc amplifier is not necessary (unlike the popularly used am demodulation method). therefore, it is a very useful application for some uses because it does not have the response time problem. figure 3a shows the am demodulated waveform. figure 3b
january 2000 toko, inc. page 15 tk14588 fm detector: the fm detector is included in the quadrature fm detector using a gilbert multiplier. it is suitable for high speed data communication because the demodulation bandwidth is over 1 mhz. the phase shifter is connected between pin 14 (if limiter output) and pin 13 (input detector). any available phase shifter can be used: a lc resonance circuit, a ceramic discriminator, a delay line, etc. figure 4 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector. the signal from the phase shifter is applied to the multiplier (in the dotted line) through emitter-follower stage qa. when the phase shifter is connected between pin 14 and pin 13, note that the bias voltage to pin 13 should be provided from an external source because pin 13 is only connected to the base of qa. because the base of qb (at the opposite side) is connected with the supply voltage, pin 13 has to be biased with the equivalent voltage. using an lc resonance circuit is not a problem (see figure 5). however, when using a ceramic discriminator, it is necessary to pay attention to bias. if there is a difference of the base voltages, the dc voltages of the multiplier do not balance. it alters the dc zero point or worsens the distortion of demodulation output. the pin 13 input level should be saturated at the multiplier; if this level is lower, it is easy to disperse the modulation out put. therefore, to have stable operation, pin 13 should be higher than 100 mv p-p . the following figures show examples of the phase shifter. circuit description (cont.) v cc v cc qb v cc qa multiplier core circuit figure 4 v cc v cc delay line v cc rz rz rz is the characteristic impedance lc resonance circuit ceramic discriminator delay line figure 5 - examples of phase shifter
page 16 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 circuit description (cont.) establishing demodulation characteristics: generally, demodulation characteristics of fm detectors are determined by the external phase shifter. however, this product has a unique function which can optionally establish the demodulation characteristics by the time constant of the circuit parts after demodulation. the following explains this concept. figure 6 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the detector output stage. the multiplier output current of the detector is converted to a the voltage by the internal op amp. the characteristic of this stage is determined by converting the current to voltage with resistor r o and the capacitor c o connected between pin 11 and pin 12 (see figure 6). in other words, the slope of the s-curve characteristic can be established optionally with resistor r o without changing the constant of the phase shifter. the demodulated bandwidth can be established optionally by the time constant of this external resistor r o and capacitor c o inside of a bandwidth of the if-filter and phase shifter. figure 7 shows an example of this characteristic. center voltage of detector dc output: the center voltage of the detector dc output is determined by the internal reference voltage source. it is impossible to change this internal reference voltage source, but it is possible to change the center voltage by the following method. as illustrated in figure 8, the demodulated output current at pin 12 is converted to the voltage by an external resistor r1 without using the internal op amp. figure 9 shows an example of a simple circuit that divides the supply voltage into halves using resistors. since both circuit s have a high output impedance, an external buffer amplifier should be connected. figure 6 - internal equivalent circuit of detector output stage the -3 db frequency fc is calculated by the following: the s-curve output voltage is calculated by the following as centering around the internal reference voltage v ref : v out = v ref io x r 0 where v ref = 1.4 v, maximum of current io = 100 a fc = 1 2 c 0 r 0 r 0 c 0 demodulated output current demodulated output voltage v out v ref i to v convertor io figure 7 - example: bandwidth of demodulation vs. time constant characteristic v out (db) 2 modulating frequency fm ( hz ) 1 3 10 30 100 300 1000 -12 -6 0 -2 -10 -8 -4 0 db = 35.2 mvrms c = c = 1000 pf c = 330 pf c = 47 pf c = 10 pf operating condition: measured by the standard test circuit. parallel resistor to phase shift coil = 1 k ? . f in = 10.7 mhz, modulation = 100 khz. external capacitance c o = 0~1000 pf.
january 2000 toko, inc. page 17 tk14588 circuit description (cont.) comparator: the tk14588v contains a general purpose high-speed data comparator for the base band processing. because the input stage is composed of pnp transistors, it is possible to operate from a minimum voltage of 0.2 v to the supply voltage minus 0.9 v (see figure 10). moreover, as the hfe of this pnp transistor is over 100, the bias current is below 0.01 a (this is below 10% of the value of the general products on the market using lateral pnp transistor at input stage). figure 8 - example of using external reference source demodulated output current demodulated output voltage v out v ref i to v convertor io vb r1 c1 demodulated output voltage v out = vb r1 x io demodulated bandwidth 1/gm is about 50 k ? that is the output resistance of the multiplier. pin 11 is disconnected. fc = 1 2 c1(1/gm) demodulated output voltage v out r1 c1 r2 v cc r1 = r2 demodulated output voltage v out = v cc /2 r1 x io demodulated bandwidth 1/gm is about 50 k ? that is the output resistance of the multiplier. pin 11 is disconnected. fc = 1 2 c1(1/gm) figure 9 - example of dividing supply voltage into halves by the resistors input stage figure 10 - comparator input stage
page 18 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 comparator (cont.): figure 11 shows the internal equivalent circuit of the comparator output stage. because the comparator output is an open collector, it is suitable for many interface levels. this open collector output is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at the gnd side only; it is not connected with it at the power supply side in consideration of operating the voltage over the supply voltage of this ic. when the collector pull-up resistor value is low, high operating currents result. to prevent interference to the other circuit ry, the emitter of the output transistor is brought out independently at pin 8. pin 8 is not connected with the substrate and other gnd internal to the ic. therefore, when operating this comparator, this terminal must be connected to gnd. when the comparator is operating at high speed, the etch pattern of pins 7 and 8 (comparator output stage) should not be run close to the etch pattern of pin 1 (if input). the switching waveform of the comparator output may have an effect on the if input and may add noise to the zero crossing of the demodulated waveform, resulting in cross over distortion. power save function: pin 5 is the control terminal for the battery save function. the on/off operation of the whole ic can be switched by controlling the dc voltage at this terminal. figure 12 shows the internal equivalent circuit of pin 5. because it switches the bias circuit of the whole ic using the transistor in standby mode, it reduces the supply current to near zero. as the input terminal is connected with an electrostatic discharge protection diode at gnd side only, it is possibl e to control the voltage above the supply voltage. it is possible to go into standby mode by disconnecting pin 5, but it is not recommended because pin 5 is a high impedance and may malfunction by an external disturbance. when pin 5 is disconnected, a suitable capacitor should be connected between pin 5 and gnd. circuit description (cont.) v cc v cc comparator output stage 1 ma figure 11 - comparator output stage v cc 50 k bias vs figure 12
january 2000 toko, inc. page 19 tk14588 test board c1 = c2 = c4 = c6 = c8 = c9 = c10 = 0.01 f c3 = 4.7 f, c5 = 1000 pf, c7 = 1 pf r1 = 51 ? , r2 = 51 k ? , r3 = 3.3 k ? , r4 = 12 k ? , r5 = 3 k ? l1 = l2 = 10 h l3 = 836bh-0268 (toko)
page 20 january 2000 toko, inc. tk14588 marking information tk14588v 14588 package outline printed in the usa ? 1999 toko, inc. all rights reserved toko america regional offices toko america, inc. headquarters 1250 feehanville drive, mount prospect, illinois 60056 tel: (847) 297-0070 fax: (847) 699-7864 ic-119-tk119xx 0798o0.0k visit our internet site at http://www.tokoam.com the information furnished by toko, inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, toko reserves the right to make chan ges or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. toko does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circu it described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any paten t or patent rights of toko, inc. western regional office toko america, inc. 2480 north first street , suite 260 san jose, ca 95131 tel: (408) 432-8281 fax: (408) 943-9790 midwest regional office toko america, inc. 1250 feehanville drive mount prospect, il 60056 tel: (847) 297-0070 fax: (847) 699-7864 eastern regional office toko america, inc. 107 mill plain road danbury, ct 06811 tel: (203) 748-6871 fax: (203) 797-1223 semiconductor technical support toko design center 4755 forge road colorado springs, co 80907 tel: (719) 528-2200 fax: (719) 528-2375 lot. no. 1 marking 4.4 0.3 + yyy aaaaa 5.0 0.25 0.65 0 ~ 0.15 1.2 max 0.9 +0.15 -0.15 6.4 0.15 +0.15 -0.15 0.50 0 ~ 10 recommended mount pad 0.65 4.8 1.0 0.35 e 0.1 0.12 m e dimensions are shown in millimeters tolerance: x.x = 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified) tssop-16

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